SPACE LAUNCH REPORT China Launch Vehicle Flight History by Variant/Year (1957-Present) Page 4 of 7: DF-21 Based Vehicles by Ed Kyle, Last Update November 10, 2025 SQX-1 = Hyperbola-1 = Shuang Quxian Ceres-1 = Gushenxing-1 L(F) = Number of Launches(Number of Failures) DF-21* KT-1 KZ-1(A) SQX-1 Ceres-1 ZQ-1 DF-21 (DF-21) (DF-21) (DF-21) (DF-21) (DF-26) Totals Year L(F) L(F) L(F) L(F) L(F) L(F) L(F) ------------------------------------------------------------------ 1980 - - - - - - - 1981 - - - - - - - 1982 2(1) - - - - - 2(1) 1983 - - - - - - - 1984 - - - - - - - 1985 3(1) - - - - - 3(1) 1986 - - - - - - - 1987 1(0) - - - - - 1(0) 1988 1(0) - - - - - 1(0) 1989 - - - - - - - 1990 - - - - - - - 1991 - - - - - - - 1992 2(2) - - - - - 2(2) 1993 1(1) - - - - - 1(1) 1994 - - - - - - - 1995 3(0) - - - - - 3(0) 1996 2(0) - - - - - 2(0) 1997 - - - - - - - 1998 - - - - - - - 1999 - - - - - - - 2000 - - - - - - - 2001 - - - - - - - 2002 2(0) 1(1) - - - - 3(1) 2003 - 1(1) - - - - 1(1) 2004 1(0) - - - - - 1(0) 2005 1(0) 1(1)# - - - - 2(1) 2006 1(0) - - - - - 1(0) 2007 1(0) - - - - - 1(0) 2008 - - - - - - - 2009 - - - - - - - 2010 1(0) - - - - - 1(0) 2011 - - - - - - - 2012 - - 1(1)*# - - - 1(1) 2013 2(0) - 1(0) - - - 3(0) 2014 1(0) - 1(0) - - - 2(0) 2015 1(0) - - - - - 1(0) 2016 - - - - - - - 2017 1(0) - 1(0)+ - - - 2(0) 2018 2(0) - 1(0)+ - - 1(1) 4(1) 2019 - - 5(0)+ 1(0)x - - 6(0) 2020 2(0) - 3(1)+ - 1(0) - 6(1) 2021 1(0) - 4(1)+ 2(2) 1(0) - 8(3) 2022 - - 4(0)+ 1(1) 2(0) - 7(1) 2023 2(0) - 6(0)+ 2(0) 7(1)z - 17(1) 2024 - - 4(0)+ 1(1) 5(0)z - 10(1) 2025 - - 2(1)+ 1(0) 6(1)z - 9(2) ------------------------------------------------------------------ DF-21* KT-1 KZ-1(A) SQX-1 Ceres-1 ZQ-1 DF-21 (DF-21) (DF-21) (DF-21) (DF-21) (DF-26) Totals L(F) L(F) L(F) L(F) L(F) L(F) L(F) ------------------------------------------------------------------ Suborb 34(5) - - - - - 34(5) Orbit - 2(2) 32(3) 8(4) 22(2) 1(1) 64(12) Totals 34(5) 2(2) 32(3) 8(4) 22(2) 1(1) 98(17) ------------------------------------------------------------------ Footnotes: x 20.8 m tall version 1 flew in 2019. All subsequent were 24 m tall version 2. * Suborbital missile/vehicle tests/flights (data may be incomplete) # Unconfirmed, not included in total counts + KZ-1A z One Ceres-1S in 2023, three in 2024, one in 2025 DF-21 totals include JL-1, DF-26, and DF-27 launches "DF" = Dong Feng "FB" = Feng Bao (based on DF-5 missile) "CZ" = Chang Zheng (Long March) (CZ-2, 3, and 4 based on DF-5 missile, CZ-1 based on DF-3 missile) "KT" = Kaitouzha (based on DF-31 missile) "KZ" = Kuaizhou, a small 4-stage rocket, with at least 3 solid fuel stages. CERES-1 ORBITAL SPACE LAUNCH LOG DATE VEHICLE ID PAYLOAD MASS(t) SITE ORBIT ------------------------------------------------------------------ 11/07/20 Ceres-1 Y1 Tianqi 11 0.05 JQ 43/95B SSO 12/07/21 Ceres-1 Y2 5 usats ~0.25 JQ 43/95B SSO 08/09/22 Ceres-1 Y3 Tiajing 1-02/03 JQ 43/95B SSO 11/16/22 Ceres-1 Y4 Jilin-1 51-54, 03D08 0.25 JQ 43/95B SSO 01/09/23 Ceres-1 Y5 5xusats JQ 43/95B SSO 07/22/23 Ceres-1 Y6 Qiankun 1/XSD 16 0.25 JQ 43/95B SSO 08/10/23 Ceres 1 Y7 XH x 4 +3 JQ 43/95B SSO 08/25/23 Ceres 1 Y8 Jilin-1 Kuanfu 02A 0.23 JQ 43/95B SSO 09/05/23 Ceres 1S Y1 Tianqi 21-24 YL LEO 09/21/23 Ceres 1 Y11 Jilin-1 Gaofen 04B JQ 43/95B[FTO] 12/04/23 Ceres 1 Y9 TY 16/StarPool 1A 0.25 JQ 43/95B SSO 05/29/24 Ceres 1S Y2 Tianqi 25-28 YL LEO 05/30/24 Ceres 1 Y12 Jiquang 01/02 JQ 43/95B LEO 06/06/24 Ceres 1 Y13 Tee 01B/nanos JQ 43/95B SSO 08/29/24 Ceres 1S Y3 Yunyao-1 15-17 YL SSO 12/19/24 Ceres 1S Y4 Tianqi 33-38 YL LEO 01/20/25 Ceres 1 Y16 Yunyao-1 37-40,JXA5 JQ 43/95B SSO 03/17/25 Ceres 1 Y10 Yunyao-1 55-60,Zke 6-7 JQ 43/95B SSO 03/21/25 Ceres 1 Y17 Yunyao-1 43-48 JQ 43/95B SSO 05/19/25 Ceres 1S Y5 Tianqi-1 16-18, 20 YL LEO 09/05/25 Ceres 1 Y15 Kaiyun 1(+2) JQ 43/95B SSO 11/10/25 Ceres 1 Y19 Jixing Gaofen 04C JQ 43/95B[FTO] ------------------------------------------------------------------ [Ceres-1, Y1] Inaugural Ceres-1 Launch. [Ceres-1S Y1] 0934 UTC. 1st Ceres 1 launched from Yellow Sea platform. 800 km x 50 deg. [Ceres 1 Y11] 04:59 UTC. Fail during first stage. Planned SSO. [Ceres-1 Y9] 2333 UTC. [Ceres-1S Y4] 1018 UTC. [Ceres-1 Y19] 0402 UTC. Fourth stage failed during its burn, at about T+520 sec. HYPERBOLA-1 (SQX-1) ORBITAL LAUNCH LOG DATE VEHICLE ID PAYLOAD MASS(t) SITE ORBIT ------------------------------------------------------------------ 07/25/19 Hyperbola-1 Y1 CAS 7B+multisats JQ LEO 02/02/21 Hyperbola-1 Y2 6 sats JQ 43/95B [FTO] 08/03/21 Hyperbola-1 Y5 Jilin-1 Mofang-01A JQ 43/95B [FTO] 05/13/22 Hyperbola-1 Y4 Jilin-1 Mofang-01A(R) JQ 43/95B [FTO] 04/07/23 Hyperbola-1 Y6 Dummy Payload JQ 43/95B LEO 12/16/23 Hyperbola-1 Y7 Liangxi (DEAR 1) JQ 43/95B LEO 07/10/24 Hyperbola-1 Y8 Yunyao-1 15-17 JQ 43/95B [FTO] 07/29/25 Hyperbola-1 Y10 HS-9 JQ 43/95B SSO? ------------------------------------------------------------------ [02/01/21 SQX-1 Y2] Disintegrated around time of Max-Q. [08/03/21 SQX-1 Y5] PL fairing failed to separate correctly. [05/13/22 SQX 1 Y4] Planned LEO/S. Cause not announced. [07/10/24 SQX 1 Y8] 2340 UTC. Stage 4 anomaly. No orbit. KUAIZHOU 1A (KZ-1A ORBITAL LAUNCH LOG DATE VEHICLE ID PAYLOAD MASS(t) SITE ORBIT ------------------------------------------------------------------ 09/25/13 Kuaizhou 01 Kuaizhou JQ 43/95A SSO 11/21/14 Kuaizhou 02 Kuaizhou 2 JQ 43/95A SSO 01/09/17 KZ-1A Y1 JL-1 + 2cubes JQ 43/95A SSO 09/29/18 KZ-1A Y8 CentiSpace 1-S1 JQ 43/95A SSO 08/30/19 KZ-1A Y10 KX-09/Xiaoxiang 1-07 JQ 43/95A SSO 11/13/19 KZ-1A Y11 Jilin 1 0.23 JQ 43/95A SSO 11/17/19 KZ-1A Y7 2xKL-Alpha JQ 43/95A LEO 12/07/19 KZ-1A Y2 Jilin 1/Gaofen 2B 0.23 TY SSO [1] 12/07/19 KZ-1A Y12 HEAD 2A/B + 4 usat ~0.2 TY SSO [1] 01/16/20 KZ-1A Y9 GS-SparkSat 3 0.227 JQ 43/95A LEO 05/12/20 KZ-1A Y6 Xingyun 2-1, 2-2 0.186 JQ 43/95A SSO 09/12/20 KZ-1A Y3 Jilin 1/Gaofen 2C 0.23 JQ 43/95A[FTO] [2] 09/27/21 KZ-1A Y4 Gaofen 02D JQ 43/95A SSO 10/27/21 KZ-1A Y5 Geofen 02F JQ 43/95A SSO 11/24/21 KZ-1A Y13 Shiyan 11 JQ 43/95A SSO 12/15/21 KZ-1A Y16?GeeSAT 1A/1B JQ 43/95A[FTO] [3] 06/22/22 KZ-1A Y23 Tianxing 1 JQ 43/95A SSO[4] 08/23/22 KZ-1A Y15 Chuagxin 16A/B XC LEO [5] 09/06/22 KZ-1A Y16?Centispace 1-S3/S4 JQ 43/95A LEO 09/24/22 KZ-1A Y14 Shiyan 14&15 TY SSO 03/22/23 KZ-1A Y19 Tianmu 1-03 to 06 JQ 43/95A SSO 06/09/23 KZ-1A Y20 Longjiang 3 0.12 JQ 43/95A LEO 07/20/23 KZ-1A Y22 Tianmu-1 07-10 JQ 43/95A SSO [6] 08/14/23 KZ-1A Y21 Hede 3A-E 0.225 XC LEO [7] 12/25/23 KZ-1A Y26 Tianmu-1 11-14 JQ 43/95A SSO 12/27/23 KZ-1A Y27 Tianmu-1 19-22 JQ 43/95A SSO 01/05/24 KZ-1A Y28 Tianmu-1 25-18 JQ 43/95A SSO 01/11/24 KZ-1A Y24 Tianxing 1-02 JQ 43/95A SSO 09/20/24 KZ-1A Tianqi 29-32 XC LEO 12/04/24 KZ-1A(Pro) Haishao 1 XC LEO 03/01/25 KZ-1A Y33 Unknown JQ 43/95A[FTO] 07/31/25 KZ-1A(Pro) PRSC-S1 XC LEO ------------------------------------------------------------------ [1] Two launches within 6 hours (02:55 UTC and 08:52 UTC) from two flat pads at Taiyuan. [2] Possible liquid upper stage failure. [3] Cause not announced. [4] 275x292 km x 96.8 deg. "Test Satellite". Mission unknown. [5] First KZ-1A launch from Xichang. 590 x 596 km x 29 deg. [6] 0320 UTC. Four metsats to 518x530 km x 97.41 deg. [7] 0532 UTC. To 700 km x 50 deg. [Y26] 0100 UTC. To 515 x 530 km x 97.4 deg. [Y27] 0650 UTC. [Y24] 0352 UTC. 283x350 km x 95.12 deg. "Test Satellite". Mission unknown. [09-20-24] 0943. Tianqi-1 29-32. To 842x943x44.8. [12/04/24] 0446. First KZ-1A Pro, which uses inverted 4th stage inside payload fairing. To 356x512x43 deg. [03/01/25] 1001 UTC. Exploded at launch, on the TEL or shortly after liftoff. Site Code: JQ = Jiuquan, China XC = Xichang TY = Taiyuan Orbit Code: EEO/M = Molynia (12-hr) Elliptical Earth Orbit FTO = Failed to Orbit FSO = Failed Suborbital GTO = Geosynchronous Transfer Orbit GTO+ = Supersynchronous or High Perigee Transfer Orbit GTO- = Subsynchronous Transfer Orbit GTOi = Inclined GTO GEO = Geosynchronous Orbit HCO = Heliocentric (solar) Orbit HTO = High Earth Transfer Orbit LEO = Low Earth Orbit LEO/S = Sun Synchronous Low Earth Orbit LEO/P = Polar Low Earth Orbit MEO = Medium Earth Orbit MTO = Medium Earth Transfer Orbit SUB = Suborbital References: Jonathan's Space Report Launch Vehicle Database "http://www.planet4589.org/space/lvdb/index.html" Encylopedia Astronautica "http://www.astronautix.com/" Gunter's Space Page "http://www.skyrocket.de/space"