India (SLV/ASLV/PSLV/GSLV) Flight History by Variant/Year (1979-Present) Page 2 of 2: Comprehensive Orbital Launch Failure List Date Vehicle ID Site Payload Failure Description Result# ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 8/10/1979 SLV-3 E1 SR 1 Rohini 2nd stg control (TVC) failure [FTO] 5/31/1981 SLV-3 D3 SR 1 Rohini-2 Low orbit 186x418kmx46deg down in 8 days (LEO) 3/24/1987 ASLV D1 SR 1 Rohini 2nd stg fail to ignite, no orbit [FTO] 7/13/1988 ASLV D2 SR 1 SRS2 1st stg control failed 150 sec, no orbit [FTO] 5/20/1992 ASLV D3 SR 1 SROSS-C Stg5 bad spin, low orbit 256x436kmx46deg (LEO)[1] 9/20/1993 PSLV D1 SR 1 IRS-1E No orbit due attitude control failure [FTO] 9/29/1997 PSLV C1 SR 1 IRS-1D Stg4 He leak, low orbit 306x822kmx98.5deg (LEO)[2] 4/18/2001 GSLV D1 SR 1 GSat-1 Low GTO apogee*, cryo stg3 off 12s early (EEO)[3] 7/10/2006 GSLV F2 SR 2 Insat 4C 1st stg strap-on Vikas engine fld T+2 sec [FTO][4] 9/02/2007 GSLV F4 SR 2 Insat-4CR Low performance, guidance? [EEO][5] 04/15/10 GSLV Mk2 D3 SR 2 GSAT 4 3rd Stg failed at start. [FTO][6] 12/25/10 GSLV Mk1 F6 SR 2 GSAT-5P Control failed T+47 sec. RSO T+63 sec. [FTO][7] 08/31/17 PSLV-XL C39 SR 2 IRNSS 1H PLF sep failed. Low orbit, S/C in PLF [EEO][8] 08/12/21 GSLV Mk2+ F10 SR 2 EOS 03 Stg 3 failed to ignite for 1st burn. [FTO] 08/07/22 SSLV D1 SR 1 EOS-2/AzaadiSAT VTM Stg 4 shut down at startup. [FTO][9] ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Footnotes: [1] Planned circular orbit not achieved. Reentered after 2 months [2] Helium pressurant leak caused 130 m/s shortfall. Planned 817km circular sun synchronous not achieved. IRS-1D used >70% of own propellant to reach 742 x 822 km "functional" orbit. [3] 181x32051kmx19.2deg versus planned 180x35975kmx19.2deg. GSat-1 had insufficient fuel to maneuver to planned geostationary orbit. [4] Thrust controller failure on Vikas engine on one of four strap-on liquid boosters, causing shutdown at T+2sec. GSLV flew on before breaking up and falling into Bay of Begal about 6-7 km downrange. [5] Launch vehicle placed Insat-4CR in 168 x 31,786 km x 15.8 deg orbit, well short of planned 170 x 35,975 km x 21.7 deg GTO. [6] 3rd Stg failed at or near startup. First Indian Cryo Stage [7] Control failed T+47 sec. RSO T+63 sec. [8] Planned sub-synchronous. PLF failed to separate. 167 x 6555 km x 19.2 deg orbit, far short of planned 650 x 20650 km. [9] Inaugural launch of India's Small Satellite Launch Vehicle (SSLV). Velocity Trim Module (VTM, 4th stage) shut down 0.1 sec into planned 20 second insertion burn. Made 76 x 356 km versus planned 356 km x 37.2 deg circular orbit. Reentered over Pacific Ocean. Sensor and software failure. # FTO: Failed to Orbit FSO*: Failed Suborbital (EEO): Unintended Eliptical Earth Orbit (GTO): Unintended Geosynchronous Transfer Orbit (LEO): Unintended/Improper Low Earth Orbit "SRI" = Sriharikota, India "SLP" = Second Launch Pad (All other launches at First Launch Pad "TVC" = Thrust Vector Control References: Jonathan's Space Report Launch Vehicle Database "http://www.planet4589.org/space/lvdb/index.html" Encylopedia Astronautica "http://www.astronautix.com/" Gunter's Space Page "http://www.skyrocket.de/space" TRW Space Log 1957-1996, TRW Space & Electronics Group, Redondo Beach, CA. Last Update 12/27/2022 by Ed Kyle